Document automation, explained.
Templates, fillable PDFs and the workflows that fill them, written by the team building docspawn.
Does a generated PDF hold up as evidence?
Usually yes, and less strongly than people assume. What actually decides whether a document survives a dispute, what an audit trail is worth, and the four things to keep.
Provenance and integrity: two different things a document can prove
Integrity says a file has not changed since someone saw it. Provenance says where it came from. Only the system that produced the document can attest to the second, and the reason is structural.
SES, AES and QES: the three eIDAS levels and which one you actually need
European law grades electronic signatures by how much verified identity sits behind them. What each level requires, what it is worth in a dispute, and why most contracts do not need the top one.
What is an electronic seal, and how is it different from a signature?
An electronic seal is issued by an organisation, not given by a person. What eIDAS says it is, what the qualified level adds, and why a seal can be applied automatically where a signature cannot.